Fitting guide¶
This is a summary of the methods used by nanite for fitting force-distance data. Examples are given below.
Preprocessors¶
Prior to data analysis, a force-distance curve has to be preprocessed. One of the most important preprocessing steps is to perform a tip-sample separation which computes the correct tip position from the recorded piezo height and the cantilever deflection. Other preprocessing steps correct for offsets or smoothen the data:
preprocessor key | description | details |
---|---|---|
compute_tip_position | Compute the tip-sample separation | code reference |
correct_force_offset | Correct the force offset with an average baseline value | code reference |
correct_split_approach_retract | Split the approach and retract curves (farthest point method) | code reference |
correct_tip_offset | Correct the offset of the tip position | code reference |
smooth_height | Smoothen height data | code reference |
Models¶
Nanite comes with a predefined set of model functions that are identified (in scripting as well as in the command line interface) via their model keys.
model key | description | details |
---|---|---|
hertz_cone | conical indenter (Hertz) | code reference |
hertz_para | parabolic indenter (Hertz) | code reference |
hertz_pyr3s | pyramidal indenter, three-sided (Hertz) | code reference |
sneddon_spher | spherical indenter (Sneddon) | code reference |
sneddon_spher_approx | spherical indenter (Sneddon, approximative) | code reference |
These model functions can be used to fit experimental force-distance data that have been preprocessed as described above.
Parameters¶
Besides the modeling parameters (e.g. Young’s modulus or contact point),
nanite allows to define an extensive set of fitting options, that
are described in more detail in nanite.fit.IndentationFitter
.
parameter | description |
---|---|
model_key | Key of the model function used |
optimal_fit_edelta | Plateau search for Young’s modulus |
optimal_fit_num_samples | Number of points for plateau search |
params_initial | Initial parameters |
preprocessing | List of preprocessor keys |
range_type | ‘absolute’ for static range, ‘relative cp’ for dynamic range |
range_x | Fitting range (min/max) |
segment | Which segment to fit (‘approach’ or ‘retract’) |
weight_cp | Suppression of residuals near contact point |
x_axis | X-data used for fitting (defaults to ‘top position’) |
y_axis | Y-data used for fitting (defaults to ‘force’) |
Workflow¶
There are two ways to fit force-distance curves with nanite: via the command line interface (CLI) or via Python scripting. The CLI does not require programming knowledge while Python-scripting allows fine-tuning and straight-forward automation.
Command-line usage¶
First, setup up a fitting profile by running (e.g. in a command prompt on Windows).
nanite-setup-profile
This program will ask you to specify preprocessors, model parameters, and other fitting parameters. Simply enter the values via the keyboard and hit enter to let them be acknowledged. If you want to use the default values, simply hit enter without typing anything. A typical output will look like this:
Define preprocessing:
1: compute_tip_position
2: correct_force_offset
3: correct_split_approach_retract
4: correct_tip_offset
5: smooth_height
(currently '1,2,4'):
Select model number:
1: hertz_cone
2: hertz_para
3: hertz_pyr3s
4: sneddon_spher
5: sneddon_spher_approx
(currently '5'):
Set fit parameters:
- initial value for E [Pa] (currently '3000.0'): 50
vary E (currently 'True'):
- initial value for R [m] (currently '1e-5'): 18.64e-06
vary R (currently 'False'):
- initial value for nu (currently '0.5'):
vary nu (currently 'False'):
- initial value for contact_point [m] (currently '0.0'):
vary contact_point (currently 'True'):
- initial value for baseline [N] (currently '0.0'):
vary baseline (currently 'False'):
Select range type (absolute or relative):
(currently 'absolute'):
Select fitting interval:
left [µm] (currently '0.0'):
right [µm] (currently '0.0'):
Suppress residuals near contact point:
size [µm] (currently '0.5'): 2
Select training set:
training set (path or name) (currently 'zef18'):
Select rating regressor:
1: AdaBoost
2: Decision Tree
3: Extra Trees
4: Gradient Tree Boosting
5: Random Forest
6: SVR (RBF kernel)
7: SVR (linear kernel)
(currently '3'):
Done. You may edit all parameters in '/home/user/.config/nanite/cli_profile.cfg'.
In this example, the only modifications of the default values are
the initial value of the Young’s modulus (50 Pa),
the value for the tip radius (18.64 µm),
and the suppression of residuals near the contact point with a ±2 µm interval.
When nanite-setup-profile
is run again, it will use the values from the
previous run as default values. The training set and rating regressor
options are discussed in the rating workflow.
Finally, to perform the actual fitting, use the command-line script
nanite-fit data_path output_path
This command will recursively search the input folder data_path
for
data files, fit the data with the parameters in the profile, and write the
statistics (statistics.tsv) and visualizations of the fits
(multi-page TIFF file plots.tif, open with Fiji
or the Windows Photo Viewer) to the directory output_path
.
Scripting usage¶
Using nanite in a Python script for data fitting is straight forward.
First, load the data; group
is an instance of
nanite.IndentationGroup
:
In [1]: import nanite
In [2]: group = nanite.load_group("data/force-save-example.jpk-force")
Second, obtain the first nanite.Indentation
instance and apply
the preprocessing:
In [3]: idnt = group[0]
In [4]: idnt.apply_preprocessing(["compute_tip_position",
...: "correct_force_offset",
...: "correct_tip_offset"])
...:
Now, setup the model parameters:
In [5]: idnt.fit_properties["model_key"] = "sneddon_spher"
In [6]: params = idnt.get_initial_fit_parameters()
In [7]: params["E"].value = 50
In [8]: params["R"].value = 18.64e-06
In [9]: params.pretty_print()
Name Value Min Max Stderr Vary Expr
E 50 0 inf None True None
R 1.864e-05 -inf inf None False None
baseline 0 -inf inf None False None
contact_point 0 -inf inf None True None
nu 0.5 -inf inf None False None
Finally, fit the model:
In [10]: idnt.fit_model(model_key="sneddon_spher", params_initial=params, weight_cp=2e-6)
In [11]: idnt.fit_properties["params_fitted"].pretty_print()
Name Value Min Max Stderr Vary Expr
E 165.8 0 inf 0.1802 True None
R 1.864e-05 -inf inf 0 False None
baseline 0 -inf inf 0 False None
contact_point -5.544e-07 -inf inf 1.617e-09 True None
nu 0.5 -inf inf 0 False None
The fitting results are identical to those shown in figure 1 above.
Note that, amongst other things, preprocessing can also be specified
directly in the
fit_model
function.